Genetics Study Guide Answers

1. 46

2. 23

3. 2

4. 1

5. eggs and sperm

6. mitosis – produces two identical daughters cells from one parent cell. It is asexual reproduction. It produces two diploid cells from one diploid cell.

Meiosis – produces four different daughter cells from one parent cell. It prepares cells for sexual reproduction at fertilization. It produces four haploid cells form one diploid cell.

7. Crossing over occurs during Prophase 1 of Meiosis. As homologous chromosomes pair up, some of their DNA gets exchanged.

8. At the end of meiosis 1, two haploid cells have been produced from one diploid cell. Each haploid has half of the number of chromosomes as the diploid. At the end of meiosis 2, four haploid cells have been produced from the two haploid cells. The chromosome number has remained the same (23) but now the chromosomes are single-stranded and the gametes are ready for fertilization.

9. 1 BB – Black, 2 Bb – Grey, 1 bb – White

10. 1 I_AI_B – 1 I_BI_B – 1 I_Ai – 1 I_Bi

11. 50 %

12. Round and Yellow

13. A - RrYy

14. 1, 2, 6